ʻO ka CNC machining kahi kaʻina hana i hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia nā polokalamu kamepiula i ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea hana a me nā mīkini.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kaʻina hana no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano mīkini paʻakikī, mai nā mea wili a me nā lathe a hiki i nā wili a me nā mea ala.Me ka CNC machining, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā hana ʻokiʻoki ʻekolu-dimensional i kahi hoʻonohonoho hoʻokahi.
Pōkole no ka "mana helu kamepiula," holo like ka CNC kaʻina hana - a ma laila e hoʻololi - i nā palena o ka mana lima, kahi e pono ai nā mea hoʻohana ola e koi a alakaʻi i nā kauoha o nā mea hana mīkini ma o nā levers, nā pihi a me nā huila.No ka mea nānā, ua like paha ka ʻōnaehana CNC me kahi hoʻonohonoho maʻamau o nā ʻāpana kamepiula, akā ʻokoʻa nā polokalamu polokalamu a me nā consoles i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mīkini CNC mai nā ʻano ʻano helu ʻē aʻe.
Pehea e hana ai ka mīkini ʻenehana CNC?
Ke ho'āla ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana CNC, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻoki i makemake ʻia i loko o ka polokalamu a kuhikuhi ʻia i nā mea hana a me nā mīkini e like me ka hana ʻana i nā hana dimensional e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, e like me ka robot.
I ka hoʻolālā CNC, manaʻo pinepine ka mea hoʻoheheʻe code i loko o ka ʻōnaehana helu he kīnā ʻole nā mīkini, ʻoiai ke hiki i nā hewa, ʻoi aku ka nui i kēlā me kēia manawa ke kuhikuhi ʻia ka mīkini CNC e ʻoki i nā ʻaoʻao ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa.Hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o kahi mea hana i loko o kahi ʻōnaehana mana helu e nā ʻano hoʻokomo i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka papahana ʻāpana.
Me ka mīkini hoʻomalu helu, hoʻokomo ʻia nā papahana ma o nā kāleka punch.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, ua hānai ʻia nā papahana no nā mīkini CNC i nā kamepiula ʻoiai nā kīwī liʻiliʻi.Mālama ʻia ka polokalamu CNC ma ka hoʻomanaʻo o ke kamepiula.Ua kākau ʻia a hoʻoponopono ʻia ke code ponoʻī e nā mea polokalamu.No laila, hāʻawi nā ʻōnaehana CNC i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana helu helu.ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole paʻa nā ʻōnaehana CNC, no ka mea hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻōkuhi hou i nā papahana i loaʻa mua ma o ka code i hoʻoponopono ʻia.
KA MINI KĀNĀNĀ
Ma CNC, hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkini ma o ka mana helu, kahi i koho ʻia ai kahi polokalamu polokalamu e hoʻokele i kahi mea.ʻO ka ʻōlelo ma hope o ka mīkini CNC ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he G-code, a ua kākau ʻia e hoʻomalu i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka mīkini pili, e like me ka wikiwiki, ka helu hānai a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hiki i ka mīkini CNC ke hoʻonohonoho mua i ka wikiwiki a me ke kūlana o nā hana hana mīkini a holo iā lākou ma o ka polokalamu i ka repetitive, nā pōʻai wānana, nā mea āpau me ka liʻiliʻi o ke komo ʻana mai nā mea hana kanaka.Ma muli o kēia mau mea hiki, ua lawe ʻia ke kaʻina hana ma nā kihi āpau o ka ʻoihana hana a he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia i nā wahi o ka hana metala a me ka plastic.
No ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua hāpai ʻia kahi kiʻi 2D a i ʻole 3D CAD, a laila unuhi ʻia i ka code computer no ka ʻōnaehana CNC e hoʻokō.Ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka polokalamu, hāʻawi ka mea hoʻokele iā ia i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hōʻoia ʻaʻohe hewa i ka coding.
Nā Pūnaehana Mīkini Wehe/Paʻa-Loop
Hoʻoholo ʻia ka mana kūlana ma o ka puka hāmama a i ʻole ka puka pani.Me ka mea mua, holo ka hōʻailona ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi ma waena o ka mea hoʻokele a me ka moto.Me kahi ʻōnaehana pani pani, hiki i ka mea hoʻoponopono ke loaʻa i nā manaʻo, e hiki ai ke hoʻoponopono hewa.No laila, hiki i kahi ʻōnaehana pani pani ke hoʻoponopono i nā hewa i ka wikiwiki a me ke kūlana.
I ka mīkini CNC, kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia ka neʻe ma waena o nā koʻi X a me Y.Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hāmeʻa, a alakaʻi ʻia ma o nā stepper a i ʻole servo motors, ka mea e hoʻohuli i nā neʻe pololei e like me ka mea i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka G-code.Inā liʻiliʻi ka ikaika a me ka wikiwiki, hiki ke holo i ke kaʻina ma o ka mana open-loop.No nā mea ʻē aʻe, pono ka mana pani pani e hōʻoia i ka wikiwiki, kūlike a me ka pololei i koi ʻia no nā noi ʻoihana, e like me ka hana metala.
ʻO ka mīkini ʻenehana CNC ua hoʻopau piha ʻia
I nā protocols CNC o kēia lā, ʻo ka hana ʻana o nā ʻāpana ma o nā polokalamu i hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia ka hapa nui.Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ana no kahi ʻāpana me ka polokalamu kamepiula-aided design (CAD) a laila hoʻololi ʻia i huahana i hoʻopau maoli ʻia me ka lako polokalamu kamepiula-aided manufacturing (CAM).
Hiki i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana hana ke koi i nā mea hana mīkini like ʻole, e like me nā drills a me nā ʻokiʻoki.No ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia mau pono, hoʻohui ka nui o nā mīkini i kēia lā i nā hana like ʻole i loko o hoʻokahi kelepona.ʻO kahi ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia nā mīkini he nui a me kahi pūʻulu lima robotic e hoʻololi i nā ʻāpana mai kahi noi i kekahi, akā me nā mea āpau e hoʻomalu ʻia e ka papahana like.Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, hiki i ke kaʻina hana CNC ke kūlike i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana e paʻakikī, inā ʻaʻole hiki ʻole ke hana hou me ka lima.
NA ANO ANO O NA MINI CNC
ʻO nā mīkini mana helu mua loa i ka makahiki 1940 i ka wā i hoʻohana mua ʻia ai nā kaʻa e hoʻomalu i ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea hana mua.I ka holomua ʻana o nā ʻenehana, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā mīkini me nā kamepiula analog, a i ka hopena me nā kamepiula kikohoʻe, i alakaʻi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mīkini CNC.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea kaua CNC o kēia lā he uila.ʻO kekahi o nā kaʻina hana maʻamau CNC i hoʻopili ʻia me ka welding ultrasonic, hole-punching a me ka ʻoki laser.ʻO nā mīkini i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana CNC e pili ana i kēia:
ʻO CNC Mills
Hiki i nā wili CNC ke holo ma luna o nā papahana i hoʻokumu ʻia me nā ʻōkuhi helu a me nā leka, e alakaʻi ana i nā ʻāpana ma nā mamao like ʻole.Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka polokalamu i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mīkini wili ma ka G-code a i ʻole kekahi ʻōlelo kū hoʻokahi i hoʻomohala ʻia e kahi hui hana.Aia nā wili kumu he ʻōnaehana ʻekolu-axis (X, Y a me Z), ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui o nā wili hou e hiki ke hoʻokomo i ʻekolu koi hou.
Lathes
I loko o nā mīkini lathe, ʻoki ʻia nā ʻāpana ma ke ʻano pōʻai me nā mea hana hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia.Me ka ʻenehana CNC, hoʻokō ʻia nā ʻoki i hoʻohana ʻia e nā lathes me ka pololei a me ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe.Hoʻohana ʻia nā lathe CNC no ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻolālā paʻakikī ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia ma nā ʻano hana lima o ka mīkini.ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, ua like nā hana hoʻomalu o nā wili CNC-run a me nā lathes.E like me ka mua, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā lathes e G-code a i ʻole code proprietary kūʻokoʻa.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā lathe CNC he ʻelua koʻi - X a me Z.
Nā Mea ʻoki Plasma
I loko o kahi mea ʻoki plasma, ʻoki ʻia nā mea me ka lama plasma.Hoʻohana mua ʻia ke kaʻina hana i nā mea metala akā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe.I mea e hana ai i ka wikiwiki a me ka wela e pono ai e ʻoki i ka metala, hana ʻia ka plasma ma o ka hui pū ʻana o ka ea compressed-air a me nā arcs uila.
Nā Mīkini Hoʻokuʻu Uila
ʻO ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe uila (EDM) - i kapa ʻia ʻo die sinking a me ka mīkini uila - he hana ia e hoʻoheheʻe ai i nā ʻāpana hana i nā ʻano like ʻole me nā uila uila.Me EDM, hoʻokuʻu i kēia manawa ma waena o ʻelua mau electrodes, a wehe kēia i nā ʻāpana o kahi ʻāpana hana i hāʻawi ʻia.
Ke liʻiliʻi ka mamao ma waena o nā electrodes, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke kahua uila a no laila ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka dielectric.ʻO kēia ka mea e hiki ai i ke au ke hele ma waena o nā electrodes ʻelua.No laila, wehe ʻia nā ʻāpana o kahi mea hana e kēlā me kēia electrode.Aia nā subtypes o EDM:
● Wire EDM, kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā ʻāpana e hoʻoneʻe i nā ʻāpana mai kahi mea uila uila.
● Sinker EDM, kahi e hoʻomoʻi ʻia ai kahi electrode a me kahi mea hana i ka wai dielectric no ke kumu o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ʻāpana.
Ma ke kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka holoi ʻana, lawe ʻia nā ʻōpala mai kēlā me kēia ʻāpana hana i hoʻopau ʻia e kahi dielectric wai, e ʻike ʻia i ka wā i pau ai ke ʻano ma waena o nā electrodes ʻelua a manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopau i nā uku uila hou aʻe.
Nā Mea ʻoki Wai
Ma ka CNC machining, he mau mea paahana ka wai e oki ai i na mea paakiki, e like me ka granite a me ka metala, me ka wai ikaika.I kekahi mau hihia, ua hui pū ʻia ka wai me ke one a i ʻole kekahi mea abrasive ikaika.Hana pinepine ʻia nā ʻāpana mīkini hale hana ma o kēia kaʻina hana.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā jet wai ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa maʻalili no nā mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui i nā kaʻina hana wela o nā mīkini CNC ʻē aʻe.No laila, hoʻohana ʻia nā jet wai i nā ʻāpana like ʻole, e like me ka aerospace a me nā ʻoihana mining, kahi e ikaika ai ke kaʻina hana no ke kālai ʻana a me ka ʻoki ʻana, ma waena o nā hana ʻē aʻe.Hoʻohana pū ʻia nā mea ʻoki wai no nā noi e koi ana i nā ʻoki paʻakikī loa i nā mea, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ka wela o ka wela i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā mea waiwai i hiki ke hopena mai ka ʻoki metala.
NA ANO ANO O NA MINI CNC
E like me ka nui o nā hōʻike wikiō mīkini CNC i hōʻike ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻōnaehana e hana i nā ʻoki kikoʻī loa o nā ʻāpana metala no nā huahana lako ʻoihana.Ma waho aʻe o nā mīkini i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo nā mea hana a me nā ʻāpana i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā ʻōnaehana CNC e komo pū:
● Nā mīkini wili
● Nā mea ala lāʻau
● ʻO nā kuʻi kuʻi kiʻekiʻe
● ʻO nā mīkini wili-wili
● Nā mea ʻoki pua
● Nā mea ʻoki laser
● Nā mea wili cylindrical
● Nā mea paʻi 3D
● Nā mea ʻoki aniani
Ke hana ʻia nā ʻoki paʻakikī ma nā pae like ʻole a me nā kihi ma kahi ʻāpana hana, hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o nā minuke ma kahi mīkini CNC.I ka wā e hoʻolālā ʻia ai ka mīkini me ke code kūpono, e hoʻokō nā hana mīkini i nā ʻanuʻu e like me ka ʻōlelo a ka polokalamu.Hāʻawi ʻia nā mea āpau e like me ka hoʻolālā, pono e puka mai kahi huahana kikoʻī a me ka waiwai ʻenehana ke pau ke kaʻina hana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-31-2021
